Diabetes Risk Factors
There are a number of major risk factors for type 2 diabetes. While some risks are genetic, many are preventable. Many people are unaware of these factors or do not clearly understand the signs. Below is a list of the top type 2 diabetes risk factors.
Obesity
Obesity is the leading risk factor for type 2 diabetes, affecting millions worldwide. Almost a quarter of adults in the UK are classed as obese. The numbers continue to rise, both in adults and children. Around one in three children in the UK are considered obese, increasing their risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Lack of Exercise and Sedentary Lifestyle
A sedentary lifestyle without sufficient exercise is seriously harmful to health. Inactivity often leads to being overweight, which can cause prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Staying active reduces insulin resistance and helps insulin work more effectively in the body.
Poor Diet
Eating unhealthily is a major contributor to type 2 diabetes, as over 90 per cent of type 2 diabetics are overweight. Diets high in processed foods, poor quality fats, and low in fibre are significant risk factors. Eating a balanced diet, along with exercise, can prevent or even reverse the development of type 2 diabetes.
High Blood Pressure and Cholesterol
High blood pressure and cholesterol are linked to many diseases, including type 2 diabetes. Both are also common indicators of prediabetes and should be monitored closely.
Gestational Diabetes
Gestational diabetes affects 2 to 5 per cent of pregnant women. Women who experience it have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life, as do their children.
Family History
Having a close family member with type 2 diabetes increases your risk. While genetics cannot be changed, awareness of the symptoms and early detection can help manage your risk. Certain ethnic minorities are also more prone to diabetes.
Aging
Diabetes rates increase with age. The pancreas may produce insulin less effectively as we get older, and bodily resistance to insulin also rises. This makes older adults more susceptible to developing type 2 diabetes.